Stiffening of the upper ankle joint is only necessary in very advanced cases. This means that it is no longer possible to roll the foot. Alternatively, an ankle joint prosthesis can be implanted, which maintains the mobility of the upper ankle joint and allows the foot to continue rolling.
In the case of advanced destruction of the lower ankle joint, which usually occurs as a late consequence of fractures of the calcaneus or talus, it may be necessary to stiffen the lower ankle joint (arthrodesis of the lower ankle joint). It is then no longer possible to turn the foot inwards and outwards, but the foot can still roll.